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Fokker Scourge
The Fokker Scourge (also sometimes called the Fokker Scare) was a phase of the contest for air superiority on the Western Front during the First World War. During this phase, the synchronised machine-gun armed Fokker Eindecker monoplane fighter aircraft of the Imperial German ''Fliegertruppen'' (Flying Corps) held a tactical advantage over poorly armed Allied aircraft, enabling a degree of air superiority.〔Franks 2001, p. 1.〕 Significant as the technical advantage of the new fighter was, the psychological effect of its unheralded introduction was also a major factor.〔Kennett 1991, p. 110.〕
The period is usually considered to have begun in July–August 1915〔Bruce 1968, v.2, p. 20.〕 and ended in early 1916, with the arrival in numbers of the Allied Nieuport 11 and DH.2 fighters;〔Angelucci 1983, p. 53.〕 less accurately, it is sometimes extended to the whole period of service of the Fokker monoplanes on the Western Front – from the arrival of the first two Fokker E.I fighters at FFA62 in June 1915, until the last Eindeckers in the early German fighter units finally gave way to later types in August–September 1916.〔
The term "Fokker Scourge" was coined in retrospect by the British press in mid-1916, after the German monoplane fighters had been largely neutralised by the new Allied types.〔Robertson 2003, p. 103.〕 This was not unconnected with the political campaign launched by (among others) the pioneering aviation journalist C. G. Grey and Noel Pemberton Billing M.P., the founder of the Supermarine company and a great enthusiast of aerial warfare, the stated object of which was to end a perceived dominance of the Royal Aircraft Factory in the supply of aircraft to the Royal Flying Corps.〔Hare 1990, pp. 91–102.〕
==Background==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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